ITINERARY XX.
XX.--Captain WHIPPLE'S Route
from Albuquerque, New Mexico, to San Pedro, California.
(Distances in miles and hundredths of a mile)
Miles.
Albuquerque to
0.88. Atrisco.--Permanent running water.
12.16. Isleta.--Permanent running water.
22.78. Rio Puerco.--Water in holes.
18.30. Rio Rita.--Permanent running water.
13.77. Covera.-- " "
14.66. Hay Camp.-- " "
17.71. Sierra Madre.--No water.
8.06. Agua Frio.--Permanent running water.
17.49. Inscription Rock.--El Moro. Permanent springs.
14.23. Ojo del Pescado.--Permanent springs.
11.74. Zuni.--Permanent running water.
8.83. Arch Spring.--Permanent spring.
10.77. ...........--No water.
19.69. Jacob's Well.--Permanent water-hole.
7.04. Navajo Spring.--Permanent springs.
12.13. Willow Creek.--Rio de la Jara. Water in holes.
10.87. Rio Puerco of the West.--Water in holes.
11.59. Lithodendron Creek.--Permanent running water.
11.99. Colorado Chiquito.-- " "
14.42. " -- " "
8.63. " -- " "
4.94. " -- " "
1.35. " -- " "
4.90. " -- " "
10.99. " -- " "
15.88. " -- " "
4.44. " -- " "
1.51. " -- " "
29.72. Colinino Caves.--Permanent water-holes.
11.81. Near San Francisco Spring.--No water; water 4 miles from
camp.
10.46. Leroux's Spring.--Permanent water.
8.23. ................--No water.
6.17. ................--No water.
8.54. New Year's Spring.--Permanent water.
9.77. Lava Creek.--Water in hole.
9.89. Cedar Creek.--Water in holes.
13.26. Partridge Creek.--Water in holes.
3.89. " -- "
13.52. " -- "
0.87. Picacho Creek.-- "
7.45. .................--No water.
8.69. Turkey Creek.--Permanent running water.
5.71. Pueblo Creek.-- " "
6.67. " -- " water in holes.
5.98. " -- " "
5.80. Canon Creek.-- " "
12.16. " -- " "
0.30. " --Water in holes.
11.29. " -- "
9.64. Cactus Pass.--Permanent running water.
7.97. White Cliff Creek.--Permanent running water.
11.60. Big Horn Springs.--Permanent spring.
12.83. Mouth of Canon Creek.--Permanent running water.
9.21. "Big Sandy" Creek.-- " "
4.35. "Big Sandy" Creek.--Permanent running water.
6.21. " -- " "
4.08. " -- " "
6.10. " -- " "
5.56. " -- " "
6.44. Mouth of Big Sandy Creek.--Permanent running water as
far as the Colorado River.
6.52. Rio Santa Maria.
8.97. "
6.85. "
7.22. "
3.90. "
8.69. "
4.33. Mouth of the Rio Santa Maria.
4.74. On Colorado River.
5.02. "
9.06. "
11.39. "
29.87. "
1.02. Mojave Villages.
9.46. Crossing of the Colorado River.
0.33. On Colorado River.
2.78. On Colorado River.
20.71. .............--The road, on leaving the Colorado, runs
up over a gravelly ridge to a barren niesa, and
descends the bed of the Mojave 4 or 5 miles above its
mouth, and at 9 1/2 miles it passes springs near the
point where the road turns around the western base of
a mountain. There is no water at the camp, but grass
in an arroya.
9.00. Pai-Ute Creek.--This is a fine stream, with good water
and grass.
13.00. Arroyo.--Grass and wood; water is found by digging.
7.00. Fine Spring.--Good water and grass. The wagon-road
passes around the hills, but an Indian trail leads
through the ravine where the spring is.
19.00. Marl Spring.--This is a small but constant spring;
excellent grass, and greasewood for fuel.
30.00. Lake.--The road follows a ridge for some distance, then
descends to an arroyo, and in a few miles emerges into
a sandy plain, where there is the dry bed of a lake,
which is firm, and makes a smooth, good road. The camp
is at some marshy pools of water. Good grass, and
greasewood for fuel.
12.00. Mojave River.--Road passes through a valley of drifted
sand, and at the camp strikes the river, which is here
a beautiful stream of fresh water, 10 to 12 feet wide
and a foot deep, with a hard, gravelly bottom. Grass
in the hills near.
13.00. Mojave River.--The road ascends the river, the banks of
which are covered with fine grass and mesquite wood.
Good camps along here.
20.00. Mojave River.--The road leads up the river for a short
distance, when it turns into an arroyo, and ascends to
a low mesa, and continues along the border of a level
prairie covered with fine bunch-grass. It then enters
the river bottom again, which is here several miles
wide, and well wooded. Grass good.
20.00. Mojave River.--Six miles from camp the road strikes the
Mormon road, and crosses the stream near a Mormon
camping-place. The trail runs along the river, which
gets larger and has more timber on its banks as it is
ascended. Good grass, wood, and water.
22.00. Mojave River.--A short distance from camp the valley
contracts, but the road is good. It leaves the valley
and crosses a gravelly ridge, but enters it again.
Good grass, wood, and water.
15.00. Mojave River.--Road continues along the right bank of
the river, in a southwest course, and crosses the
river at camp. Good wood, water, and grass.
29.50. Cajou Creek.--The road leaves the river at the crossing,
and runs toward a break in the San Bernadino
Mountains; it ascends a sharp hill and enters a cedar
thicket; it then ascends to the summit of the Cajou
Pass; thence over a spur of the mountains into an
arroyo or creek in a ravine; thence along the dry
channel of the Cajou Creek for two miles, where the
water begins to run, from thence the road is rough to
camp.
7.00. Cajou Creek.--Road continues along the creek to camp,
and is rough. Wood, water, and grass at camp.
20.00. Cocomouga's Ranch.--On a pretty stream of running water.
The road runs for six miles down the Cajou Creek,
along its steep and rocky bed. It is here a good-sized
stream. Captain Whipple's road here leaves the San
Bernadino road, and turns to the west along the base
of the mountains toward Los Angeles; it then crosses a
prairie and strikes the ranch of Cocomouga. Wood,
water, and grass.
24.00. Town of El Monte.--The road runs upon the northern
border of a basin which is watered by many small
streams, and is settled. The camp is on the pretty
stream of San Gabriel, where there is a good
camping-place.
14.25. City of Los Angeles.--The road passes the Mission of San
Gabriel, then enters a ravine among hills and broken
ground; it then descends and crosses the river which
waters the valley, and enters the city. There is a
good camp upon the point of a ridge on the left bank
of the river.
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